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Academic ranks in Germany are the titles, relative importance and power of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia. ==Overview== Appointment grades * ドイツ語:''Professor'' (Pay grade: ''W3'') * ドイツ語:''Professor'' (''W2'') * ドイツ語:''Hochschuldozent'' (''W2'', only in ''Baden-Württemberg'') – although paid like a W2-Professor, lecturers in this position do not have a professor title; the term was formerly used in other states for lecturer positions with research and teaching responsibilities (''C2'', being phased out since 2002) * ドイツ語:''Juniorprofessor'' (not tenured) (''W1'') * ドイツ語:''Juniordozent'' (not tenured) (''W1'', only in ''Baden-Württemberg'') * ドイツ語:''Akademischer Rat/Oberrat/Direktor auf Lebenszeit'' (''A13'', ''A14'', ''A15'') * ドイツ語:''Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter'' (''TVöD 13/14/15'', ''TvL 13/14/15'') * ドイツ語:''Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter auf Zeit, Akademischer Rat auf Zeit'' (''TVöD'',(''TvL'' ''A13 a. Z.'') * ドイツ語:''Akademischer Mitarbeiter auf Zeit'' (''TVöD'', only in ''Baden-Württemberg'') * ドイツ語:''Wissenschaftliche Hilfskraft'' (''TdL'') * ドイツ語:''Studentische Hilfskraft'' (''TdL'') Non-appointment grades * ''Privatdozent'' * ''Außerplanmäßiger Professor'' – conferred, in some German States, to a ''Privatdozent'', who has been in service for several years, without formally being appointed as professor. Administrative ranks * ''Rektor, Präsident'' – rector or president, highest representative of the university or Polytechnic, elected * ''Prorektor, Vizepräsident'' – prorector or vice president, elected * ''Kanzler'' – chancellor, administrative head, often a permanent job * ''Dekan'' – dean, elected * ''Institutsdirektor'' – head of department, elected 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Academic ranks in Germany」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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